III. Methodology
3.1 Research Design
The research design of this research is a quantitative experimental pretest posttest design with 2 classes of 5th semester students of English Department, Lambung Mangkurat University.
An experimental class (n = 20) receive the pre-reading activities before their reading process, while a control class (n = 20) continue with their regular classroom reading program. These two classes are given the same content of pretest and posttest. So, the difference between these two classes is only in treatment giving to the experimental class.
An experimental class (n = 20) receive the pre-reading activities before their reading process, while a control class (n = 20) continue with their regular classroom reading program. These two classes are given the same content of pretest and posttest. So, the difference between these two classes is only in treatment giving to the experimental class.
3.2 Participants
The participants of this research is 40 students of English Department who are in their 5th semester, Lambung Mangkurat University. The reason why they are chosen is because the 5th semester students of English Department, Lambung Mangkurat University have passed classes of Reading 1, 2 and 3, which means they have already known about the reading strategies, etc. The sampling of this research uses a purposive sampling. The researcher uses 40 students of English Department who are in their 5th semester, Lambung Mangkurat University who have the similar capability in reading class. The 40 students are divided into two classes where 20 students in each class.
3.3 Technique of Data Collection
The technique of data collection uses pretest and posttest. The researcher gives the pretest to both classes which has the same content, then gives the treatment to the experimental class. The treatment is be given in 8 meetings, two meetings in a week. After the treatment finish, the researcher gives the posttest to find out if there is a significant difference between the result of experimental class and the control class. In pretest and posttest, researcher give a reading material to the participants, then asks them to answer 50 questions, which include 40 multiple choice and 10 essay questions, using their comprehension to the text in 100 minutes. In posttest, the researcher also gives a reading material and asks the participants to answer the questions which are related o the text. But the difference is the participants in experimental class will be given pre-reading activities first.
3.4 Instrumentation
The instrument that is used in this research is subject-completed instrument. In this instrument, the researcher uses the achievement test. This is used because the researcher wants to find out the achievement of the participants in reading ability, including their comprehension, vocabulary and so on.
3.5 Technique of Data Analysis
Technique of data analysis of this research is collecting the result of the participants’ pretest and posttest. Then the result will be compared one another by using t test. The t test is used to find out whether there is a significant difference between the result of the experimental class and control class.
The hypothesis of this research is the students’ reading comprehension of class which uses pre-reading activities is better than students’ reading comprehension of class which doesn’t use pre-reading activities before the reading process. This hypothesis will be accepted if tx > ttable. So, if the result shows that tx > ttable, it means the students’ reading comprehension of class which uses pre-reading activities is better than students’ reading comprehension of class which doesn’t use pre-reading activities before the reading process.
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